Intwoweeks,ChinawillenterToufu(头伏,tóufú),thefirstphaseofSanfu.IntheChineselunarcalendar(中国农历,zhōngguónónglì),Sanfureferstothethree10-dayperiodsthatarepredictedtobethehottestdaysoftheyear,whicharecalledToufu,ZhongfuandMofu(初伏/头伏、中伏和末伏,chūfú/tóufú、zhōngfúhémòfú).
Sanfuusuallycomesbetweenmid-Julytomid-August(七月中旬到八月中旬,qīyuèzhōngxúndàobāyuèzhōngxún).Let'stakealookatthetraditionalChinesewaysofspendingthedogdaysofsummer.
ReceivingtheSanfutie(贴敷三伏贴,tiēfūsānfútiē)
AcitizenreceivesSanfutieinLianyungang,Jiangsuprovince,July17,2022.[Photo/Xinhua]
Sanfutie,orSanfumedicinalpatch,isabandagemadeoftraditionalChineseherbalmedicine(中药膏药,zhōngyàogāoyào).PractitionersoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)believethatreceivingSanfutieduringthehottestsummerdaysiseffectiveforcoughs,asthmaandarthritis(咳嗽、哮喘和关节炎,késou、xiàochuǎnhéguānjiéyán);itisapatchworksolutionforwinterillsinsummer.
ThetreatmentisbasedontheTCMprincipleofyinandyang(《阴阳论》,yīnyánglùn),whichbelievesthebalanceofbothelementsinthebodyisvitalforgoodhealth.Sanfutiecontainsapasteofherbsthatare"hot"innature(三伏贴偏热性,sānfútiēpiānrèxìng),andwhenappliedtospecificacupuncturepoints(穴位,xuéwèi),usuallyonthebackandneck,theyreplenishtheyangelements(补阳,bǔyáng).
ThesepatcheshavebeenusedinTCMsinceearliestrecordedtimes,accordingtoHuangdiNeijing(TheInnerCanonoftheYellowEmperor)(《黄帝内经》,huángdìnèijīng),morethan2,000yearsago,thetime-testedtextbookforTCMpractitioners(中医,zhōngyī).SanfupatchtreatmentbecameextremelypopularintheQingDynasty(1644-1911)andhasenjoyedarevivalinrecentyearsasmorepatientsturntoTCMtreatment(中医疗法,zhōngyīliáofǎ).
EatingdumplingsduringToufu(头伏饺子,tóufújiǎozi)
Aphotoofdumplings.[Photo/SIPA]
Whenthedogdayscome,peopletendtolosetheirappetites(没食欲,méishíyù),andjiaozi,orboileddumplings,canrefreshpeople'sfeelingstowardfood.Actuallyjiaoziisanall-timeclassic,with2,000yearsofhistory.BesidesSanfu,peopleeatitatLiqiu,thestartofautumn,andDongzhi,thestartofwinter.
EatingnoodlesduringZhongfu(二伏面,èrfúmiàn)
Aphotoofnoodles.[Photo/IC]
ThesecondphaseofSanfuistraditionallyatimeforconsumingnoodlesbecauseitisbelievedtohelppeoplesweat(发汗,fāhàn)andrelieveinternalheat(清内热，qīngnèirè).Sometime-honorednoodlerestaurantsaroundChinahaveincreasedtheirsupplyandlaunchednewproducts.
EatingChineseeggpancakeduringMofu(三伏烙饼摊鸡蛋,sānfúlàobǐngtānjīdàn)
AphotoofChineseeggpancake.[Photo/SIPA]
AsMofucomes,theweatherturnscool,anditiseasytogetcoldifapersonkeepseatingnoodlesdrenchedinsweat.People,especiallythoselivinginNorthChina,customarilyeattheChineseeggpancake.
Eatingrooster(三伏吃公鸡,sānfúchīgōngjī)
AdishfeaturingroosterfromthetastingmenufortheAnhuiCuisineFestivalheldattheRedChamberofChinaWorldSummitWinginBeijingfromJune7to20.[Photoprovidedtochinadaily.com.cn]
AstheweatherinChangsha,capitalofHunanprovince,ishotwithheavyrainfallinsummer,peoplethereeatroosterduringSanfu,especiallyduringToufu.Theybelievethatitcanclearthedamp.Thereisanoldsayingthatgoes"AroosteratthestartofSanfu,ahealthybodythewholeyear.(入伏吃只鸡，一年好身体rùfúchīzhījī,yīniánhǎoshēntǐ)"
Eatingmuttonsoup(伏天喝羊汤,fútiānhēyángtāng)
Aphotoofmuttonsoup.[Photo/SIPA]
ThereisacustominSouthernShandongprovincewherepeopledrinkmuttonsoupduringSanfu.Manypeoplegotolocalrestaurantstodrinkmuttonsoup,whichiscalled"summermuttonsoup".Itisbelievedthatmuttonwhichishotinnature(温补,wēnbǔ)canrelieveinternalcold(排出体内寒湿,páichūtǐnèihánshī).
来源：chinadaily.com.cn编辑：万月英
来源：chinadaily.com.cn
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